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Expert is thoroughly familiar with most types of gas, solid state, and semiconductor lasers. He contributed to the development of a diode-pumped solid-state lasers. He made design improvements to various continuous wave and flashlamp pumped solid state lasers to improve reliability, stability, and efficiency. He identified the technical issues for using excimer lasers for materials processing functions in a production environment. Expert discovered a source of output degradation of helium-neon lasers and then developed a solution that led to significant cost savings. He has worked with continuous-wave as well as long- and short-pulsed lasers to improve performance. The specific gas lasers he has worked with include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, excimers (XeCl), helium-neon, and argon-ion. The solid-state lasers he has worked with include Nd:YAG, titanium-sapphire, erbium, thulium, ruby, alexandrite, and several others.

Expert has taught many courses on Lasers and Laser Applications.

His significant background in fundamental and applied physics has allowed Expert to gain expertise in many aspects of fiber optics. He is familiar with light coupling into and out of fibers, power handling capabilities, f numbers (numerical aperture), and transmission loss (dependence on wavelength, fiber properties, bending, alignment). He has worked with fiber sensors such as fiber optic gyros, temperature, and other environmental sensors. He has some familiarity with optical time domain reflectometry, couplers, and splicing. He teaches classes in Fiber-Optics

He has designed, built and tested various laser and lamp fiber optics systems for materials processing, illumination, and communications.

Expert has worked extensively with optical systems such as refractor and reflector telescopes, lenses, mirrors, prisms and gratings, holographic and machined optical elements. He is knowledgeable regarding optical thin film coating properties and equipment. He can answer questions on specialized optical components such as polarizers, frequency doublers and triplers, Raman shifters, and optical parametric converters (oscillators and amplifiers). Expert has measured properties of plasmas, gases, and solid materials using various grating spectrographs, both with single-element detectors (photomultipliers) and diode arrays. He has worked with residual gas analysis using both optical and atomic spectrum analyzers.

Expert has employed lasers for a wide variety of applications including communication, navigation, laser radar, lidar, rangefinding, remote sensing, and material processing (annealing, heat treating, cutting, welding). He has a thorough understanding of laser resonator optics, beam projectors, laser beam propagation effects, beam quality and beam focusing. He has also developed computer codes for laser system and application modeling.


Expert has designed, built, and tested a variety of ladar (laser radar) and lidar systems. These include: Doppler and micro-Doppler CO2 ladar for target ID; imaging lidar based on diode lasers and range-gated intensified charge; coupled device cameras for target identification; laser illuminators for ICCCD cameras; and rangefinders based on diode pumped Nd:YAG both at the fundamental frequency and second harmonic. Recent work includes significant activities in the area of Laser Range Finders - intellectual property and technology issues.

With established skills in mathematics and computing, Expert has developed several numerical models of various systems and applications. He has used spreadsheets, Basic, and C code to analyze systems and applications such as laser system recurring and non-recurring costs, laser beam propagation, and laser beam characterization.

Expert has extensive knowledge of plasma physics and plasma properties including aspects of glow discharge and arcs as well as issues surrounding electron and ion beams. He has developed and used a wide variety of devices for generating plasmas and ionized gases by various RF and DC excitation means. He is familiar with ionization by contact, electron impact, photo excitation, and other methods. He has worked with refractory metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and ceramics.

Expert has designed, built, and tested extremely high-performance ring laser gyroscopes. He has tested the gas gain medium, mirrors, and optical resonators. He is familiar with sources of bias, lock-in, and other error sources and methods of reduction.

Expert has designed, built and tested a number of CO2 lasers including CW and pulsed waveguide lasers, both DC and RF driven.

Expert has developed and integrated into various systems highly coherent laser systems capable of coherent beam combining to produce scanning beam, and pulses of various duration and pulse repetition frequency.

Expert has designed, built, and tested a variety of frequency-stabilized lasers for a variety of applications. These include: ultra-stable HeNe ring laser gyroscopes based on Zerodur cavities and stabilized plasma discharge (RI, NED); ultra-stabilized CO2 lasers based on ceramic cavities, and both piezoelectric length tuners and electrooptic tuners used for micro-Doppler LADAR for target identification (RI); and single-mode stabilized argon ion laser with stabilized resonator, and etalon length tuner for scientific applications (ALC).

Expert has evaluated Laser Range Finders, and selected superior vendors (2010, two companies).He reviewed various patents and searched for superior technology, and infringement (2009, 2008 two companies). Expert analyzed and supported design work for a Solar PhotoVoltaic system (2008). Expert supported the design of a Laser Range Finder (2007). Expert provided analysis, design, and development support on about a dozen projects (2000-2004).